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TURMA

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A sub-division of the Roman cavalry. The 300 knights originally belonging to each legion were divided into 10 turmoe of 30 men: each of these had 3 decuriones, the first of whom commanded the whole turma, and 3 optiones (adjutants). The divisions of allied cavalry called aloe (see ALA), each consisting of 300 men, contained 6 turmoe of 60 men each. Under the Empire the independent divisions of cavalry of 500 or 1,000 men, which were also called aloe, consisted of 16 or 24 turmoe. The cavalry divisions of 120 horsemen in a cohort of 500 strong, which formed the unit in many cohorts, and of 240 horsemen in a cohort of 1,000 strong, were divided into 6 and 10 turmoe respectively. (See COHORS.)
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